The perception of beauty can serve as an ethical test.
Literal
Beauty [possessive-の] recognition [topic-は] ethics [possessive-の] test [to-と] become-can.
美の認識 means 'the perception/recognition of beauty.' 倫理の検査 means 'ethical test/examination.' となり得る uses the potential of なる — 'can become/serve as.' A philosophical observation linking aesthetics and ethics.