She took his words to mean agreement.

Literal

She [topic-は] his [genitive-の] words [object-を] agreement [object-を] is-meaning [quotative-と] received.

Notice the unusual double-を construction. The structure parses as: 彼の言葉を [同意を意味していると] 受け取った — 'took his words to (mean agreement).' The first を marks 言葉 as the object of 受け取る, while the second を inside the embedded clause marks 同意 as the object of 意味する. The と embeds the inner clause as the content of how she 'took' (interpreted) his words. ~を~と受け取る is parallel to other 'interpret X as Y' patterns.