She bought chicken.

Literal

She [topic-は] chicken-meat [object-を] bought.

鶏肉 ('chicken meat') uses 鶏 (chicken, the bird) + 肉 (meat) — a common pattern for meat types: 牛肉 (beef), 豚肉 (pork), 鶏肉 (chicken). As minimal as a shopping sentence gets.