She asked after my mother.

Literal

She [topic-は] my mother [of-の] state [object-を] asked-about.

様子 ('state, condition, appearance, demeanor') is one of Japanese's flexibly useful nouns — 状態 ('state, condition') is more clinical, 状況 ('situation') is more circumstantial, 様子 splits the difference, capturing 'how someone is / how something looks.' 様子を聞く literally 'ask about the state' is a stock collocation for asking after someone's wellbeing, especially someone you can't see yourself (an absent family member, a recovering patient). The phrasing carries a hint of concern.