She bought vegetables yesterday.

Literal

She [topic-は] yesterday vegetables [object-を] bought.

A pared-down beginner sentence — topic + time + object + polite past verb. The polite past ~ました is the textbook default for talking to non-intimates and one of the first conjugations learners drill. 野菜 ('vegetables') appears here as a generic mass noun, with no quantifier or specific item; Japanese, unlike English, doesn't need an article or counter to leave it general.