。
She placed the box on the table.
Literal
She [topic-は] that box [object-を] table [genitive-の] top [on-に] placed.
置く ('to place, put down') is the standard verb for setting an object somewhere. The location takes に, not で — に marks where the object ends up existing, which is the right framing for a placement. The structure テーブルの上 ('table-top, on the table') uses の + 上 to describe a relative location, the same pattern as 椅子の下 ('under the chair') or 机の横 ('beside the desk') — a productive way to specify position. テーブル, like ソファー and ベッド, is a long-domesticated English loanword.