熱力学の背後には、第１巻で学んだ力学の法則にしたがう原子や分子の運動があります。

、。

Behind thermodynamics lies the motion of atoms and molecules, which follows the laws of mechanics learned in Volume 1.

Literal

Thermodynamics [possessive-の] behind [at-には], Volume 1 [at-で] learned mechanics [possessive-の] laws [to-に] following atoms [and-や] molecules [possessive-の] motion exists.

A textbook transition sentence connecting chapters. 熱力学 ('thermodynamics'), 力学 ('mechanics'), 原子 ('atoms'), 分子 ('molecules') are all physics vocabulary. ~の背後には…がある ('behind X lies Y') is the structural frame. 第１巻で学んだ ('learned in Volume 1') is a relative clause. The sentence models how Japanese academic texts build cross-references.