Letting out a grand sigh, they thump the bread down on the table and plop into a chair.

Literal

Grand [na-adjective-な] sigh [object-を] put-[while-ながら], table [on-の上に] [mimetic-どさどさと] bread [object-を] place-[ren'yōkei-き], chair [on-に] [mimetic-どっかりと] waist-sit.

Rich narrative description with two stacked mimetics. どさどさ mimics the sound/motion of heavy objects being dumped or thumped down. どっかり mimics a heavy body plopping into a seat — specifically the weight-settled 'plop.' Both take the adverbial と. ~ながら 'while X-ing' marks the sigh as simultaneous background action. 腰掛ける (literally 'hip-hang') is the standard verb for sitting on a chair or ledge.