What does 5814 become when you round it to the thousands place?
Literal
5814 [object-を] thousands-place [locative-に] round-[if-ば] what [locative-に] becomes [question-か].
A classroom math problem. 四捨五入 (ししゃごにゅう) is a four-character compound literally 'four-abandon, five-go-in', describing the arithmetic rounding rule: 0-4 rounds down, 5-9 rounds up. The ば conditional is common in math and logical phrasing: 'if/when X, then Y'.