Is he the man who was introduced in the newspaper as an up-and-coming scholar?
Literal
He [subject-が] up-and-coming scholar [as-と] newspaper [in-で] was-introduced man [question-かい]?
新進気鋭 is a four-character compound meaning 'newly emerged and vigorous' — used for promising talent. かい is an informal masculine question particle, softer than か. The relative clause (新進気鋭の学者と新聞で紹介された) packs a lot of information before the noun 男.