。
The train arrived ten minutes late.
Literal
Train [topic-は] 10-minutes be-late-て arrived.
Notice the spelling １０分 (zenkaku numeric) rather than the kanji 十分. The numeric form removes a homograph ambiguity — 十分 can also be read じゅうぶん ('sufficient'). 遅れて uses the て-form adverbially to modify how the train arrived — 'arrived being late.'