The train roared past through the tunnel.

Literal

Train [subject-が] roaring-sound [adverbial-と] sound [object-を] making tunnel [object-を] passed-through.

ゴー is the mimetic word (擬音語) for a loud, continuous rushing/roaring sound — wind, water, engines, trains. The 擬音語+と+音を立てる pattern is the standard way to describe something making a specific kind of noise: 'making a ゴー-ゴー sound.' The と here is the adverbial/quotative と used after mimetic words.