The storm rattled the shutters.

Literal

Storm [subject-が] shutters [object-を] clattering [adverbial-と] made-sound.

がたがた is a 擬音語 (sound mimetic) for hard objects rattling — shutters, windows, loose screws, shivering teeth. The adverbial と after a mimetic is optional but characteristic. ならす ('to make [something] sound') is transitive; 鳴る is its intransitive counterpart. 雨戸 refers to the exterior wooden/metal shutters traditionally found on Japanese houses.