My opinion differs from yours.

Literal

I [of-の] thought [topic-は] you [with-と] differs.

考え is the noun form of 考える ('to think') — 'thought, idea, opinion.' The pattern X は Y と異なる ('X differs from Y') is more formal than 違う, often found in written/analytic contexts. 異なる ('to differ') takes と for the comparison.