I adjusted the focus on the telescope.

Literal

Telescope [of-の] focus [object-を] adjusted.

望遠鏡 ('telescope') — 望遠 (far-viewing) + 鏡 (mirror/lens). ピント ('focus') is a katakana loanword from Dutch 'punt' (point) — a historical borrowing from the age of Dutch scientific influence in Japan. ピントをあわせる ('to adjust/set the focus') is the standard photographic expression.