Don't bother me while I'm studying.

Literal

Study-during [at-に] obstruction [obj-を] don't-do please-(rough).

邪魔をする ('get in the way') is the canonical verb for interrupting, bothering, or interfering with someone. Often also used as bare 邪魔する or even as 邪魔! ('you're in the way!'). ~ないでくれ is the rough negative request — 'please don't X' in familiar/rough speech.