木(き) kiが gaどすんと dosunto音(おと)を()立(た)て()て() otowotatete倒(たお)れ()る() taoreruの noが ga聞(き)こ()え()た() kikoeta。 I heard a tree fall with a thud. naturelandscapetrees and forests聞こえる (can be heard)adverbial と (after mimetics)perception verb + のが見える/聞こえる音を立てる (make a sound)どすん (heavy thud)
彼(かの)女(じょ) kanojoは wa行(ゆく)方(え)不(ふ)明(めい) yukuefumeiになった ninatta子(こ)供(ども) kodomoを o探(さが)し()に() sagashini森(もり) moriへ eはいって haitteいった itta。 She went into the forest to look for the missing child. childrensearch and rescuetrees and forestsへ (direction)~ていく (motion away from speaker)purpose に (verb-stem + に + motion verb)relative clause modifying a noun
彼(かの)女(じょ) kanojoは wa枯(かれ)葉(は) karehaが ga散(ち)っ()て() chitteいく ikuの noを o眺(なが)め()て()い()た() nagameteita。 She was watching the dead leaves drift down. autumnseasonslandscapetrees and forestsnominalizer の~ている (ongoing state)~ていく (motion away from speaker)perception verb + のが/のを (clause as object)
木(こ)立(だち) kodachiの no間(あいだ) aidaに ni家(いえ) ieが ga見(み)え()る() mieru。 You can see a house through the trees. naturelandscapetrees and forests見える (can see / be visible)
木々(きぎ) kigiの no葉(は) haが ga紅(こう)葉(よう) kouyouし()始(はじ)め()た() shihajimeta。 The leaves on the trees have started to turn red. seasonsJapanese culturetrees and forests~始める (begin to)suru-verb (noun + する)kanji reduplication (々)
木(こ)陰(かげ) kokageで de雨(あま)宿(やど)り() amayadoriを oした shita。 I took shelter from the rain under a tree. weatherdaily lifetrees and forests~で (location of action)
木(き) kiを o見(み)る() miruと to心(こころ) kokoroが ga和(なご)ん()だ() nagonda。 Seeing the trees put me at ease. natureemotionslandscapetrees and forests~と (conditional)心が和む (be put at ease)
木(き) kiは wa高(たか)け()れ()ば() takakereba高(たか)い() takaiほど hodo登(のぼ)り() noboriにくい nikui。 The taller the tree, the harder it is to climb. trees and forestsproverbs and sayings~にくい (hard to)~ば~ほど (the more...the more)
木(き) kiは wa空(そら) soraを o背(はい)景(けい) haikeiに niして shite黒(くろ)く() kuroku見(み)え()た() mieta。 The tree looked black against the sky. naturelandscapetrees and forests見える (look / seem)i-adjective adverbial (~く)~を背景にして (against the backdrop of)
木(き) kiは wa果(か)実(じつ) kajitsuを o見(み)れ()ば() mirebaわかる wakaru。 A tree is known by its fruit. trees and forestsproverbs and sayings分かる + が~ば (conditional)
木(こ)の()葉(は) konohaは wa日(ひ) hiが ga経(た)つ() tatsuにつれて nitsurete紅(こう)葉(よう) kouyouした shita。 As the days went by, the leaves turned to autumn colours. timeseasonstrees and forests~につれて (as, in proportion to)日が経つ (time passes)
木(こ)の()葉(は) konohaが ga風(かぜ) kazeに niそよいだ soyoida。 The leaves rustled in the wind. weathertrees and forests
木(こ)の()葉(は) konohaが ga庭(にわ) niwaで deくるくる kurukuru舞(ま)っ()て()い()た() matteita。 The leaves were whirling around in the garden. naturelandscapetrees and forests~で (location of action)~ていた (past progressive/state)くるくる (spinning / whirling)
木(こ)の()葉(は) konohaが ga地(じ)面(めん) jimen一(いち)面(めん) ichimenに ni厚(あつ)く() atsuku積(つ)も()っ()て()い()た() tsumotteita。 Leaves lay thick all over the ground. seasonstrees and forests一面に (all over)i-adjective adverbial (~く)~ていた (past progressive/state)
木(こ)の()葉(は) konohaの noサラサラと sarasaratoいう iu音(おと) otoが ga聞(き)こ()え()た() kikoeta。 I heard the rustling of leaves. natureweatherlandscapetrees and forests聞こえる (can be heard)~という音 (a sound called X)さらさら (rustling / dry)
木(き) kiの no中(なか) nakaで deさえずっている saezutteiru鳥(とり) toriを o見(み)て() miteごらん goran。 Look at the bird singing up in the tree. animalsinvitationtrees and forests~で (location of action)~てごらん (gentle imperative)relative clause modifying a noun
木(き) kiの no上(うえ)の() ueno猫(ねこ) nekoが ga私(わたし)の() watashino所(ところ) tokoroへ e降(お)り()て() oriteきた kita。 The cat up in the tree climbed down to me. animalstrees and forestsへ (direction)~てくる (motion toward speaker)
木(き) kiの no価(か)値(ち) kachiは waその sono実(み) miで deわかる wakaru。 The value of a tree is shown by its fruit. trees and forestsproverbs and sayings分かる + がinstrumental で (by means of)
木(き) kiの no下(した) shitaに niいくつかの ikutsukano野(や)生(せい)の() yaseinoキノコ kinokoを o見(み)つ()け()た() mitsuketa。 I found some wild mushrooms under the tree. foodnaturelandscapetrees and forestsいくつか (several, a few)
木(き) kiの noおかげで okagede雨(あめ) ameに niぬれず nurezuに niすんだ sunda。 Thanks to the tree, I managed not to get wet in the rain. weathertrees and forests~のおかげで (thanks to)~ずに (without doing)~ずに済む (get away without)
木(き) kiにとって nitotteは wa枝(えだ) edaは wa人(にん)間(げん) ningenの no手(て)足(あし) teashiに ni相(そう)当(とう) soutouする suru。 To a tree, branches are the equivalent of human arms and legs. naturelandscapetrees and forestsproverbs and sayings~にとって (from the perspective of)
木(き) kiが ga倒(たお)れ()て()い()て() taoreteite道(みち) michiが ga通(とお)れ()な()く() toorenakuなっていた natteita。 A fallen tree had blocked the road. travelweathertrees and forests~なくなる (cease to)~ている (resulting state)potential form (~える/~られる)~ていた (past progressive/state)
木(き) kiが ga私(わたし)の() watashino家(いえ) ieを o風(かぜ) kazeから kara守(まも)っ()て() mamotteくれている kureteiru。 The trees protect my house from the wind. weatherarchitecturetrees and forests~から (from / source)~ている (ongoing state)~てくれる (do for me/us)
木(き) kiが gaすさまじい susamajii音(おと)を()立(た)て()て() otowotatete倒(たお)れ()る() taoreruの noが ga聞(き)こ()え()た() kikoeta。 I heard a tree fall with a terrible crash. naturelandscapetrees and forests聞こえる (can be heard)perception verb + のが見える/聞こえる音を立てる (make a sound)
彼(かの)女(じょ) kanojoは waりんご ringoの no木(き) kiが gaいっせいに isseini咲(さ)き()出(だ)す() sakidasuの noを o見(み)ま()し()た() mimashita。 She watched the apple trees burst into bloom all at once. naturetrees and forestscompound verbnominalizer の~出す (begin to / burst into)perception verb + のが見える/聞こえるSino-Japanese compounds
木々(きぎ) kigiは wa葉(は) haを oつけ tsuke始(はじ)め()た() hajimeta。 The trees have started to put out leaves. seasonstrees and forests~始める (begin to)kanji reduplication (々)葉をつける (put out leaves)
木々(きぎ) kigiは wa芽(め) meを o出(だ)し() dashi始(はじ)め()た() hajimeta。 The trees have started to bud. seasonstrees and forests~始める (begin to)kanji reduplication (々)芽を出す (to bud)
木々(きぎ) kigiは waすべて subete葉(は) haを o落(お)と()し()て()い()た() otoshiteita。 All the trees had shed their leaves. seasonstrees and foreststransitive/intransitive pair~ていた (past progressive/state)kanji reduplication (々)
木々(きぎ) kigiの no葉(は) haが ga風(かぜ) kazeで de落(お)ち()て()い()る() ochiteiru。 The leaves of the trees are falling in the wind. seasonsweathertrees and forestsで (cause/reason)~ている (ongoing state)transitive/intransitive pairkanji reduplication (々)
木々(きぎ) kigiに ni芽(め) meが ga出(で)て()い()る() deteiru。 The trees are budding. seasonstrees and forests~ている (ongoing state)transitive/intransitive pairkanji reduplication (々)