~さえ (even)
grammar9 sentences
The focus particle さえ, 'even X / not even X.' Highlights something unexpected as a case in point — 先生さえ知らなかった ('even the teacher didn't know'), あいさつさえしない ('doesn't even say hello'). Pairs naturally with negative predicates for 'not even.' Also pairs with ~ば to express 'if only X' (~さえ~ば).
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